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Amit Patel

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Amit is a voracious writer and reader with experience in developing content for different niches. A friendly and down-to-earth person with a sense of humor, he is keen on offering factual and informative insights in his writings. He loves researching new developments in the industry and putting them in layman’s terms.

Simplifying the Process: How to Obtain 7/12 Extract Information Online

By
Amit Patel
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The 7/12 online procedures to take on the Mahabhulekh website to obtain 7/12 utara information are mentioned. Details of Forms VII and XII, which together make up Form 7/12, are also mentioned.

NMC characteristics that were left out of the 7/12 extract are now need to be included

According to a report, Chandrakant Pulkundwar, Municipal Commissioner for Nashik, has directed six divisions of the Nashik Municipal Corporation—Nashik East, Nashik West, Panchwati, CIDCO, Satpur, and Nashik Road—to determine whether any properties owned by the corporation are listed in the 7/12 extract. If it is discovered that the land records are missing, Pulkundwar recommended adding them right away.

Department of land records Launch e-registration in Pune

With the commencement of e-registration by the Pune land records department, a change in property ownership can become effective in just 21 days. 50 days used to pass before for this action. All of Maharashtra will be included in this new programme. Instead of issuing 7/12 extracts, several offices in the state instead issue property cards, which must constantly be updated from SRO, lengthening and confounding the procedure.

According to the new procedure, IGR Maharashtra will provide the most recent information about the real estate transaction to the Pune land records department, which will be validated. An announcement will then be made to the public, the buyer, and the seller, with a deadline of 15 days to voice any objections. After then, the sale will be recorded on property card for a fee, which the buyer can download.

What is 7/12?

The 7/12 online/utara Maharashtra, also known as satbara utara, is an excerpt from a land register kept by each district in Maharashtra and provides comprehensive information on a specific plot. On Mahabhulekh, 7/12 is available online.

Forms VII and XII of the village are used to create the 7/12 extract, hence the name. The 7 12 utara offers significant information regarding land in any part of Maharashtra that was taken from the Maharashtra land records registration. The Maharashtra Land Revenue Record of Rights and Registers (Preparation and Maintenance), Regulations 1971 retain the 7/12 utara as a ROR (record-of-right).

Mahabhulekh: 7/12 web portal for Maharashtra

Mahabhulekh or Maharashtra Bhumi Abhilek is a land record document that contains all plot-related information. It provides citizens with comprehensive information on plots, including the “7/12 utara” and 8A extract, as 7/12 online. Using the Mahabhulekh website, it is simple to access the eMahabhulekh document. It is also known as apna khata, satbara, and utara.

You can visit Maha Abhilekh at bhulekh.mahabhumi.gov.in. Mahabhulekh 7/12 is the state’s one-stop source for searching, downloading, printing, and extracting land records. To confirm previous ownership and land disputes, it is crucial to consult the 7/12 and 8A records on Maha Abhilekh.

While most people are aware of the regulations governing the purchase of a flat or flat, what regulations must be followed if you want to purchase a plot in Maharashtra? The Mahabhulekh’s “7/12 utara” or “Satbara utara” (7/12 extract) is an important text. The Mahabhumi 7/12 online Maharashtra document is actually essential for proving who owns a piece of land. Farmers frequently use the 7/12 utara for loan agreements, agricultural surveys, and the use of other government services.

The revenue department issues 7/12 utara online through the tahsildar, as demonstrated in Mahabhulekh. At Mahabhulekh 7/12, the village form number is displayed. The 7/12 utara online in Mahabhulekh 7/12 contains important details about the land, including the survey number, the area, the owners, their part of the land, encumbrances on the land, etc., like all other records of rights.

By paying a small charge, Mahabhulekh 7/12 enables landowners in Maharashtra to search and review land records as well as obtain a copy of the 7/12 online. Via digitalsatbara.mahabhumi.gov.in, property owners can download digital versions of the 7/12 utara and 8A extracts as well as property cards, which can be utilised for legal verification as well.

Modifications in format for 7/12 utara

To prevent copying and falsification, the Maharashtra government has also altered the format of the 7/12 web document. The state government’s logo and a watermark from the land records department will now be on the 7/12 utara document. The last entry of the landowner will be struck out, and Satbara will also include the name and code of the village. In order to eliminate fraud in a land transaction, the new 7/12 utara format contains a total of 12 alterations.

7/12 utara features a new section with the village name and the village code as part of the new format. Now, property cards rather than satbara extracts will be issued to landowners who are in the yellow category or a building zone from the green category. Also, moving ahead, properties that are registered with RERA Maharashtra will receive a property card. The property card was previously only available to landowners whose land the property was built on, so this is a new 7/12 initiative. Property owners will also receive property cards with this effort.

The 7/12 online document will include the directory code for the local government, the size of the survey region, and the numbers for the most recent and pending mutations. The purpose of the land will also be mentioned in the 7/12 Utara Maharashtra paperwork.

In order to reduce time and be transparent, procedures to amend revenue records online have been provided when previously people had to visit the government office. The revenue leaflets will soon be made available online as well, according to plans. Farmers can now upload images of their harvests using their cell phones under the new 7/12 utara online format, doing away with the requirement for a Talatha to visit the farm. Keep in mind that if a person owns land in four locations, he will only receive one satbara utara. Also, all modifications made since 2008 are available digitally in the new 7/12 online Maharashtra format.

Information included in 7/12 online.

Information about the land’s rights, occupiers, owners, tenants, revenue obligations of the holders, and other facts are contained in Form VII of the Mahabhulekh, which is available online at 7/12. Information regarding crops, their type, and the area they cover are contained in Form XII in 7/12 online.

It should be noted that the 7/12 utara extract on the Mahabhulekh is merely a record to determine income due and not a definitive document to prove ownership. Based on a 7/12 extract, the property’s title cannot be transferred.

These are the details included in 7/12 Utara:

  • Survey number of land
  • Crop type cultivated in the last season
  • Details of litigations and status (if any)
  • Ownership details (Changes included)
  • Mutation details
  • Credit details (pending loans) for buying fertilisers, pesticides and seeds
  • Area of land that is suitable for cultivation
  • Type of land- agricultural or non-agricultural
  • Type of irrigation on land- rain-fed or irrigated
  • Details of tax (paid and pending to be paid)Info

7/12 utara: Advantages

In Maharashtra, the 7/12 Utara document is highly helpful. Many advantages include:

  • You can know about the land’s agricultural or non-agricultural use as well as the many activities that have been performed there using web resource 7/12.
  • The Satbara Utara is a significant document that can be used as evidence of land ownership.
  • When you sell your land, the SRO will require the 7/12 document.
  • You must provide the bank with the 7/12 utara document in order to obtain a loan or enhance your farm credit.
  • The 7/12 Utara document may be used in court if there is a legal disagreement.

Online 7/12: How to apply?

By visiting the Maharashtra Aaple Sarkar website at https://aaplesarkar.mahaonline.gov.in/en, you can submit an online application for the 7/12.

By selecting New User you can create your 7/12 utara online profile with this portal and submit an online application for notified services, Sign up here. 

You will be redirected to https://aaplesarkar.mahaonline.gov.in/en/Registration/Register, you can select one of the choices and register for the online 7/12 by providing all necessary information.

Log in to the online 7/12 portal using your user ID and password after registering for 7/12 Maharashtra. You will then be directed to the following page of the online 7/12 portal, where you must choose the departments of Revenue and land records from the drop-down menu. Then, choose Your 7/12 extract from the list and press the next button. Enter the applicant’s name, address, Aadhar card number, email address, and registered mobile number after that. Apply for 7/12 by providing information such as your district, taluk, city survey utara online number, GAT, etc. 

You can then click on submit after reviewing the details in advance. Your Maha Transcation ID will appear in a pop-up window on the 7/12 utara online page, and you must take note of it.

When you’re finished, you’ll see the specific fees for the 7/12 online application that need to be paid. You can discover your name on the revenue department’s 7/12 extract list after paying the 7/12 Maharashtra fee.

How to get 7/12 extract online in Mumbai?

You can check your Satbara online status on the Aaple Sarkar website after submitting your 7/12 Utara application.

Choose the revenue department from the drop-down box and click Track Your Application. Then, choose Revenue services, 7/12 extract, enter the application id, and hit the proceed button. On the website, you can view the 7/12 utara status.

Online 7/12: How to obtain a digital copy of a Mahabhulekh document?

On Mahabhulekh, the 7/12 utara online website, you can get the Satbara or 7/12 online. Applying to the neighbourhood tahsildar and describing the available land description and your need for the 7/12 extract will get you the utara Maharashtra. Applying through the Mahabhulekh website of the Maharashtra government would also provide you access to the 7/12 utara information. If you have the necessary information, you can easily obtain the 7/12 extract document. If you are unable to locate the 7/12 information on Mahabhulekh’s website, you might have to choose a physical method of applying for 7/12.

Follow the below mentioned process in order to obtain the 7/12 online from Mahabulekh:

  • Visit the official website of Mahabhulkeh 
  • From the dropdown menu select the region for  7/12 
  • Now, select 7/12 from the menu and then district from the drop-down list

  How to obtain a digitally signed 7/12 in Maharashtra? 

  • Visit the Aaple Abhilek Portal 
  • Register yourself by clicking on “New User Registration” to receive a digitally signed 712 utara property card. Send in all the necessary information and details requested for the online Satbara property card. After logging in, you can download the digitally signed version of 7/12 from the https://digitalsatbara.mahabhumi.gov.in/dslr portal.
  • You can log in normally by providing your login ID, password, and captcha, then clicking the login button.
  • As an alternative, you can log in using your OTP by entering your mobile number, the OTP you received, and then clicking the Verify OTP button.
  • Step 3: Choose the district, taluka, and village, pick Ankit Satbara or Akshari Satbara, type the search survey no./gat no., select survey no./gat no., and then click “Download Digitally Signed 7/12” to start the download.
  • If you selected “Do you know ULPIN,” input it, make sure it’s correct, and then click “Download digitally signed 7/12” to start the download.

Unique Land Parcel Identification Number is referred to as ULPIN. Similar to an Aadhar number, ULPIN has an exclusive 11-digit number. The ULPIN will be shown on the extract document on 7/12.

Utara Charges 7/12

Keep in mind that each 7/12 will cost Rs 15, and that amount will be deducted from your available balance. You can download Satbara from the payment history option if Rs 15 is deducted but the 7/12 could not be downloaded. After payment, the Satbara certificate will be available for 72 hours.

Similar to this, you can access your property’s most recent records by downloading a digitally signed 8A, an online Ferfar, and a property card from the Mahabhumi portal.

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“URB Unveils Dubai Reefs Transforming the Coastline Into a Sustainable Marine Paradise”

By
Amit Patel
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URB, a renowned developer of sustainable cities, has recently revealed its ambitious plans for what is being hailed as the world’s largest ocean restoration project – Dubai Reefs. With a remarkable track record in designing smart, net-zero cities to address challenges posed by population growth, urbanization, and climate change, URB’s previous successes include sustainable city projects in Yiti, Oman, and Abu Dhabi’s Yas Island.

Dubai Reefs aims to establish a sustainable floating community that will encompass a diverse range of residential, hospitality, retail, educational, and research facilities. URB envisions Dubai Reefs as a global epicenter for marine research, eco-regeneration, and eco-tourism, positioning Dubai as a leader in these crucial fields. The driving force behind this transformative project is URB’s CEO, Baharash Bagherian, who emphasizes the intrinsic connection between the health of cities and oceans.

Bagherian states, “The ocean is the source of life, governing everything. Our planet’s interconnectedness means that a healthy ocean is synonymous with a healthy city. If we fail to take action today, our ocean will be unrecognizable by the end of the century.”

Staying true to Bagherian’s green vision, Dubai Reefs will operate on renewable energy generated from solar, hydropower, and wave farms. Visitors to the Reefs will have the opportunity to partake in unparalleled marine-based eco-tourism experiences, hosted in futuristic floating eco-lodges.

At the core of the project lies a marine institute dedicated to safeguarding Dubai’s marine and coastal environment. A massive 77-square-mile (199-sq-km) artificial reef will serve as a natural habitat for over one billion corals and 100 million mangrove trees. These coastal ecosystems will play a vital role in carbon sequestration and storage, offsetting the impact of past oil drilling and dredging along Dubai’s coast.

The institute will prioritize education and conservation, taking the lead in a global ocean clean-up initiative aimed at removing plastic debris and ensuring Dubai’s coastal ecosystem serves as a long-term carbon sink. Regenerative ocean farming will provide both food security and contribute 

to a greener economy. In addition to transforming Dubai into an enviable eco-destination, Dubai Reefs is expected to generate over 30,000 jobs within a green economy framework.

Bagherian emphasizes the need for an entrepreneurial spirit when planning coastal cities and developing infrastructure connected to the ocean. With its innovative coastal city status, Dubai is perfectly positioned to lead such a transformation. Beyond establishing a resilient destination for ecotourism and marine research, Dubai Reefs aims to become a blueprint for ocean living while effectively mitigating the impacts oyef climate change.

Dubai Reefs represents URB’s visionary commitment to sustainable development, as the world watches in anticipation of this groundbreaking project that will set new standards for ocean conservation, marine research, and eco-friendly urban living.

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Creative Candle Decoration Ideas for Home Décor

By
Amit Patel
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Historically, candle use has been limited to religious occasions and lighting. These days, they are the standard for home decor. A candle can not only add a calming and charming glow to your space, but it can also improve its overall design. There are so many different ways to display them: you can keep them plain, you can put them in a statement vessel, or you can try one of these creative candle decoration ideas.

You’ll find plenty of DIYs and design inspiration here. There is a candle style, shape, and scent that perfectly match the mood you want to create, from votive to taper to pillar and beyond. This list contains ideas for every situation, whether you want to dress up your spring table with a statement centerpiece or add a subtle glow to your living room with a mirrored candle tray, illuminate your mantel, or both. Browse through our favorite scented candles to start glowing right away, while some of the following ideas show you how to make your own candles from scratch.

Try wrapping washi tape around tealight candles

Tea light candles already come in their own miniature “holder,” as you’re probably aware if you’re a craft enthusiast. Tea lights are typically made and sold in a small metal tray, which gives them their shape and allows them to be easily inserted into other designs. If you want to keep things as simple as possible in terms of tea light candle holders, Cheap Crafting recommends decorating what you already have! Depending on what you plan to use the tea lights for, try wrapping washi tape around the edge of the original small silver tray. Match the hues and patterns of your tape to the theme of the event or the area around you.

Pastel Easter nest tea light holder

We especially like the ones that are carefully wrapped around a balloon or other object so that when the object is slid out from inside the wrapped string, it retains its shape like a mold or frame. Wrapping string around an egg to create the appearance of a pastel Easter egg is a great example of what we mean. 

Fabric decoupage glass jar tea light holder

We adore discovering crafts that combine a variety of crafting techniques, like this one from Ain’t That Berries. You’re not only practicing your decoupage skills here, making your own tea light candle holder out of an old mason jar, and caring for smaller scraps of vintage fabric that you might never otherwise use. Just be careful not to leave this candle burning if you leave the house! Although most fabrics are safe to be around the tiny, weak flame of a tea light candle, it’s still best to be safe than sorry.

Patterned rope tea light jars

You already know how much fun rope or string art can be if you’ve ever tried it. But with this new technique, you can write all kinds of messages and make different patterns on the jars or old candlesticks (as you choose to do). Similar to a decoupage tactic but with more texture, this technique is much simpler than it appears and is held in place by liquid glue.

Wooden branch tea light holder

Are you still interested in learning how to make your own candle display out of wood? If you’re going to use power tools, you might as well make everything appear as natural as possible by setting your candle in a real tree branch. Try making a crevice in the top and sanding the branch section smoothly so it doesn’t rock back and forth on you when you set it down.

Snow drift tea light holders

Simple, inexpensive tea light candles are a great opportunity for the holidays, among many other things. We’re not even close to Christmas yet, but it’s always a good idea to save DIY ideas for the future so you’re ready when the holidays arrive! Since these awesome “snow” covered tea light holders are so awesome, we couldn’t resist the opportunity to share them with you. Since these awesome “snow” covered tea light holders are so awesome, we couldn’t pass up the chance to share them with you. The textured finish’s ability to accurately mimic snow is something we adore.

Paper quilled tea light decor

If you’ve never tried paper quilling before, and you’re an intricacy junkie like me, we’re confident you’ll excel at it. Try to create stunning spirals and quilled hearts that swirl around a tea light candle that is positioned exactly in the center of the circle, as seen in the image. We believe that this method is much simpler than it appears, and you might be pleasantly surprised!

Tea light and marble martini glass

Typically, when we refer to “marble,” we refer to the popular DIY method used to paint fingernails. But this time, we’re talking about real marbles that are integrated into a camera display! We love how a tea light is placed in the center of a martini glass and is surrounded by tiny metal marbles. 

Walnut tea light centre piece

Some people celebrate the change in weather by roasting walnuts and chestnuts during certain seasons, such as fall and winter. Along with being entertaining, tasty, and fragrant, this project can also be quite decorative, especially if you pile the nuts into a bowl and then balance two empty shell halves that actually have candles built into them on top. 

Sea shell tea lights

Well, if you’re up for the challenge, here is something similar to the walnut we talked about earlier. However, if you want to maintain a strong seaside theme in the room, you can use seashell halves in place of the walnuts.

Do you know someone who always lights tea light candles the way they come, in that tiny metal tray, without ever attempting to decorate it in any way, despite being a fun, bright person? Then share this post with them for some candle inspiration!

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Top 10 Construction Companies in Noida for Building Your Dream Project

By
Amit Patel
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You will require access to the best construction companies in Noida whether you are looking to build significant infrastructure projects or you are a landowner who wants to build a commercial or residential complex in Noida. We have streamlined the process for you by compiling a list of the top 10 construction firms in Noida, including those that provide engineering, procurement, construction, and project management services. Additionally, you can discover information about these businesses’ reputable construction endeavors and how to get in touch with them.

Sikka Group

Sikka Krown is one of the leading construction companies in Greater Noida. Sikka has a reputation for creating unparalleled luxurious spaces after three decades of experience. This company was the first to build master-planned communities in the National Capital Region. Sikka has experience working on residential, commercial, and hospitality projects.

Panchsheel Group

Panchsheel Group is a construction company in Noida sector 62. Panchsheel is a market leader in Building and Development projects. The group intends to deliver world-class yet affordable structures designed specifically for Modern Indian needs. The excellent yet cost-effective projects they have taken on demonstrate their legacy of excellence. The group has shown its commitment to aesthetic standards and international norms in every project they have worked on. To create a better world, modern projects balance progressive standards with traditional values.

Gulshan Homz

The name of the company stands for excellence. Their commercial structures and residential developments exemplify functionality, elegance, and quality. This Noida construction company began its journey 30 years ago and is your ideal partner if you need high-calibre architects who specialize in designing luxury spaces.

Gulshan Botnia, located in Noida’s Sector 144, is a highly functional township. This architectural marvel includes a variety of flat specifications designed to provide a comfortable living environment.

Ace Group

One of the leading construction firms in Noida, Ace is renowned for breaking new ground in the area of real estate development in the Delhi-National Capital Region. Their projects consistently achieve top-notch status and are renowned for their timely completion and constant advancement of modern standards. ACE is well known for understanding its clients because its high-end projects are efficiently completed to the client’s satisfaction and convenience.

The Ace group’s upscale Ace Aqua Casa development has a lake view. The project offers luxuriously designed 2, 3, and 4 BHK homes. The Chipyana Buzurg railway station is close to this project. There are also nearby supermarkets, shopping malls, and hospitals. 

Nirala World

Established in 1996, Nirala World has become one of the leading construction firms in Noida by setting new standards in the real estate industry. Nirala World distinguishes itself from the other construction firms in Noida Sector 63 by defining its USPs as quality construction, client satisfaction, and adherence to commitments. The group is intended to develop residential and commercial properties in Noida and Noida Extension that would meet the needs of a growing India. One of the greatest construction companies in Noida, Nirala World, offers exquisite residential flats at reasonable prices. 

A 544-unit building is now being built at the Nirala Estate Phase 2 site in Noida Extension. The property provides cheap 2BHK and 3BHK homes. Rail and the subway provide convenient access to the property.

Trident Realty

Trident Realty was founded in 2008 with the goal of providing future-focused, innovation-led real estate ecosystems. With impressive projects in the residential, commercial, and hospitality sectors over the past ten years, Trident Realty has distinguished itself among Noida’s construction firms and earned top honors. The Trident group distinguishes itself from its rivals through affordability and a lifestyle-focused approach to construction projects. When it comes to sustainability, customer satisfaction, and well-being, the Trident ethos makes no concessions.

This group’s residential project, Trident Embassy-Reso is situated in the center of Noida. You will be mesmerized by this treasure trove of architectural beauty and the amenities offered in this house. This wonderful house comes with features like Vastu compliance, 24-hour security, and rainwater harvesting. 

County Group

This Noida construction firm respects the individuality of each of its customers and works to incorporate their personalities and behavioral needs into their homes. The county company honors the distinctive personalities of its clients, which may be why their creations are remembered as pillars of beautiful design. 

This group of builders’ flagship project, Coco County,  is situated in Sector 10 in Great Noida West. The 2 BHK and 3 BHK flats of this luxurious property range in size from 870 to 1152 square feet. In addition to reputable academic institutions, hospitals, banks, temples, and even a nearby metro station that is 15 minutes away, Sector 10 gives all of these amenities to the neighborhood. The distance to Qutub Minar is only 22 kilometers.

ATS Homekraft

If there were to be one word to describe the design concept of ATS Homes, it would be “aspirational”. 

Beyond the typical brick-and-mortar home, Homekraft seeks to innovate. The goal of Homekraft’s construction process is to produce living quarters that can accommodate a family’s changing and expanding demands. Whether it be for infants or the elderly. Their plans take into account every conceivable situation for fitting the various generations in a household. 

Express Builders

In 1980, Express Builders Ltd. was established with the goal of fostering the real estate industry’s professionalism, trust, and rapid expansion. The firm has constantly ranked at the top of the list of all Noida construction companies. The group has created architectural landmarks that have a reputation for professionalism and openness. Express builders take great delight in delivering quality and commitment, which is shown in their immaculate track record, whether it is premium commercial or reasonably priced residential projects.  

Express Builders’ Express Astra in Noida Extension is one of the most sought-after residential developments. With 780 two-bedroom and small three-bedroom apartments available for between 60 and 80 lakhs. There are modern amenities such as a swimming pool, basketball court, tennis court, and jogging track.

Saviour Builders

Savior Builders aspires to construct cutting-edge, innovative projects of the highest caliber that can change lives. 

In Noida Sector 63, this well-known real estate developer stands out from the competition. Across the nation, Saviour Builders has started a number of RERA Registered commercial residential, and township development projects.

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Contempt of Court in India: Understanding the Law and its Objectives

By
Amit Patel
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The administration of law and the proper administration of justice must inevitably be hampered by anything that restricts or interferes with the freedom or limits of judicial proceedings. Contempt of court is inherently involved in this. According to Oswald, conduct that tends to interfere with or prejudice parties or their witnesses during legal proceedings, or that tends to disrespect or disregard the authority and administration of the law, constitutes contempt. According to Halsbury, contempt is the use of verbal or written statements that interfere with or have the potential to interfere with the administration of justice.

According to Black Odgers, to publish words that have the potential to undermine the administration of justice, to impede the fair trial of any case or matter that is the subject of a civil or criminal proceeding, or to otherwise obstruct the cause of justice is considered to be contempt of court.

It is generally believed that the current law relating to court contempt is relatively ambiguous, undefinable, and unsatisfactory in the case of India, where Section 2(a) of the Contempt of Courts Act of 1971 defines contempt of court as either civil contempt or criminal contempt. Two essential fundamental rights that are addressed by the authority to punish for contempt are the right to personal liberty and the right to freedom of expression. Therefore, it was thought wise to have a special committee review the entire law on the subject.  

In order to implement this, a committee was formed in 1961  with the late H N Sanyal serving as its head. At the time, he was the additional solicitor general. The committee conducted a thorough analysis of the law and issues relating to contempt of court in light of the situation prevailing in both our own nation and numerous other foreign countries. The committee’s recommendations emphasized the significance of freedom of speech in the Constitution as well as the necessity of preserving the dignity and honor of courts and the interests of the administration of justice.

The government has generally endorsed the committee’s recommendations after taking into account the opinions expressed on them by the state and union territory administrations, the Supreme Court, the high courts, and the judicial commissioners.

In the case of C.K. Daphtary v. O.P. Gupta (1971 1 SCC 626), the respondent circulated a booklet to the public that purported to accuse Judge Shah of bias and dishonesty while he was serving as a judge. Mr. C.K. Daphtary and others filed a petition in which they claimed that the pamphlet had disappointed the justices involved in the ruling, called into question the legitimacy of the nation’s highest court and reduced public trust in it.

Law Point 

The Contempt of Court Act, 1971, was passed in order to address the idea of contempt of court. The Supreme Court and the High Court are given the authority to penalize individuals for their respective contempt under Articles 129 and 215 of the Indian Constitution, respectively. The authority of the High Court to punish contempt of its subordinate courts is outlined in Section 10 of The Contempt of Courts Act of 1971. Article 19(1) does not apply to the ability to punish for contempt of court under Articles 129 and 215(a). 

Essentials 

In general, the following criteria must be met in order to prove contempt: 

  • The issuance of a valid court order
  • Respondent knowledge of the order
  • Respondent ability to render compliance
  • Willful disobedience of the order 

Types

According to Lord Hardwick, contempt can be categorized in one of three ways: 

  • creating controversy inside the court 
  • Abusing parties involved in the case in front of the court
  • Disparaging the general population before the issue is addressed

However, there are two types of contempt of court in India: 

  • Civil Contempt 

Civil contempt is defined as willful disobedience to any judgement, decree, direction, order, writ, or other process of a court or willful breach of an undertaking provided to a court under Section 2(b) of the Contempt of Courts Act of 1971. 

  • Criminal Contempt

Criminal contempt is defined by Section 2(c) of the Contempt of Courts Act of 1971 as the publication of any matter or the performance of any act that:

(i) scandalizes or seeks to scandalize, lowers, or trends to degrade the authority of any court, or

(ii) prejudice, or interferes, or tends to interfere, with the proper conduct of, any judicial process, or

(iii) Interferes or tends to interfere the administration of justice in any other way, interferes with it, or tends to interfere with it.

(a) “High Court” refers to the highest court in a state or union territory, which also includes the court of the judicial commissioner in any union territory.

Object

There can be no question that the object of contempt jurisdiction is to preserve the majesty and dignity of the legal system and that the public’s perception of the courts is in no way reduced. 

The confidence reposed in the courts is rudely shattered if the common man is made to lose respect for the judge acting in the performance of his judicial duties through defamatory remarks or writings, and the perpetrator needs to be punished. In effect, the rule against contempt serves as the judge’s seat’s guardian rather than the person sitting it.

Third party 

If a third person has a role to play in the offense, they may be charged with contempt of court. According to Lindgren J. in LED Builders Pty Ltd v Eagles Homes Pty Ltd ([1999] FCA 1213):

It is not essential to prove that the individual who assisted in the violation of the court’s order was served with it. Only the fact that the person who sought to be held liable was aware of the order must be proven. 

Limitation 

According to Section 20 of the 1971 Contempt of Courts Act, the statute of limitations for actions of contempt is one year from the purported date of the accused act of contempt.

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Mumbai Real Estate Market Continues to Surge Despite Economic Slowdown

By
Amit Patel
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Mumbai, often called the financial capital of India, has seen a steady increase in real estate prices despite the ongoing economic slowdown in the country. While many industries have been hit hard by the pandemic, the real estate market in Mumbai has been thriving due to various factors.

One of the main reasons for the surge in real estate prices in Mumbai is the city’s limited availability of land for development. Mumbai is a densely populated city, and much of its land is already occupied. As a result, new real estate projects are limited in number, and demand for existing properties remains high.

Another factor driving up real estate prices is the influx of high net worth individuals and foreign investors in the city. Mumbai has always been a popular destination for wealthy individuals due to its high standard of living, excellent infrastructure, and business opportunities. The city is also home to the Indian film industry, which attracts a significant number of celebrities and high-profile individuals.

Additionally, the growth of the IT and finance industries in Mumbai has led to a rise in demand for office spaces and commercial properties. Many major multinational corporations have set up their offices in Mumbai, creating a need for high-quality office spaces. This, in turn, has led to an increase in the demand for residential properties as well.

Despite the ongoing economic slowdown, the real estate market in Mumbai has remained strong. According to a recent report, real estate prices in the city have risen by up to 10% in the past year. This growth has been particularly significant in areas such as South Mumbai and Central Mumbai, which are known for their luxury properties and high-end developments.

While the increase in real estate prices may be good news for property owners, it has made it increasingly difficult for first-time homebuyers to enter the market. The high prices have also resulted in a rise in demand for affordable housing, which has led to the development of several affordable housing projects in the city.

One of the significant challenges facing the real estate market in Mumbai is the issue of transparency. Many real estate developers in the city have been accused of engaging in unethical practices such as price manipulation, delayed project delivery, and misrepresentation of property details. The government has taken several steps to address this issue, such as introducing the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act (RERA) in 2016. RERA mandates that developers must register their projects with the regulatory authority and provide regular updates on the project’s progress.

Another issue facing the real estate market in Mumbai is the lack of infrastructure and amenities in certain areas. While the city has excellent infrastructure in some areas, others are lacking in basic amenities such as good roads, water supply, and public transport. The government has recognized this issue and is working to develop these areas, which could lead to a rise in real estate prices in the future.

Despite the challenges facing the real estate market in Mumbai, the city’s growth potential remains strong. The city is home to some of the country’s most prestigious educational institutions and hospitals, making it an attractive destination for students and medical tourists. Mumbai is also a cultural hub, with a rich history and a diverse population.

In conclusion, the Mumbai real estate market continues to remain strong despite the ongoing economic slowdown. The limited availability of land, influx of high net worth individuals, and growth of the IT and finance industries have all contributed to the rise in real estate prices. While the market faces several challenges, such as transparency issues and lack of infrastructure in certain areas, the city’s growth potential remains strong.

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Real Estate and BFSI Hiring in India Shows Growth in April, According to Report

By
Amit Patel
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The real estate and BFSI (banking, financial services, and insurance) sectors in India continued to show growth in hiring during April, according to a recent report. The report indicates that the Indian job market is gradually recovering from the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, with various sectors experiencing positive growth.

The real estate sector saw a month-on-month growth rate of 7% in hiring, while the BFSI sector saw a growth rate of 6% in April. The report also notes that the healthcare and hospitality sectors witnessed an increase in hiring activity during the month.

The report further highlights that remote work has become the new norm in the post-pandemic world, leading to an increased demand for professionals with digital skills. As a result, companies are seeking candidates with experience in digital marketing, social media, and e-commerce, among other areas.

Overall, the report suggests that the Indian job market is showing signs of recovery, with various sectors experiencing positive growth in hiring. The real estate and BFSI sectors, in particular, are expected to continue hiring in the coming months as they look to drive growth and expansion in their respective industries.

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What are the Components of Money Supply?

By
Amit Patel
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What is money supply?

The total amount of money that is in circulation in an economy on any given day is known as the “money supply.” It comprises every single note, coin, and demand deposit that the general public holds on each day.

But it excludes the money held in banks and other financial institutions. The economy is not actually using this amount of money in transactions.

In the economy, there are many significant sources of money supply. They are the ones who produce the money and are in charge of how it is distributed throughout the economy.

They are:

  • The government is responsible for the production of all coins, including the one rupee notes.
  • The Federal Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the sole issuer of coins and paper money.

The total amount of money in the economy at any given time is known as the money supply.

The cash supply is measured by economists because it is closely related to the economic activity that is taking place all around us. The addition of funds increases the value of the economy.

Components of Money supply

These are the components of the money supply – 

Currency with the people

Whether it is in the form of coins or currency notes, the money supply includes the money that the general public holds. Money is a form of exchange used to buy and sell goods and services. The government issues the currency, which is accepted as payment at face value.

Demand deposits (DD) with banks

A DD account (DDA) is a checking account that allows unannounced withdrawals of money at any time. The funds that are invested in DDAs earn interest. Savings and checking accounts are the most typical types of DDAs.

Time Deposits

These are certificate of deposit (CD) accounts that pay interest and have a predetermined maturity date. To earn the specified interest rate, the money must be kept in the bank account for a specified amount of time. These bank accounts typically offer higher interest rates than Daily or Current accounts. In essence, a CD offers you greater returns than a current account while carrying a lot less risk than an investment. There are two different types of bank accounts that pay interest:

Fixed Deposits (FD)

A FD account requires a constant sum for a strict amount of time. FDs are the most secure type of investment.

Recurring Deposits (RD)

An RD account is another variant of a time deposit account. Customers fund these bank accounts over an extended period of time with fixed sums that are added in small parts. 

FDs and RDs require no additional work after your initial investment, even though more traditional investments like stocks and mutual funds can yield a higher return.

Significance of the money supply

As it rises, interest rates fall. This leads to increased investment, which puts more money in the hands of consumers. This process encourages spending.

Who manages the money supply?

By increasing or decreasing the monetary base, the central government bank controls the availability of currency. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the country’s central bank.

What is the source of money supply?

The central banks of all countries have the authority to issue currency. As a result, in all countries, the central bank is the primary source. In effect, financial institutions facilitate the supply of funds, whereas monetary authorities issue currency and serve as the source of all other types of monetary instruments, such as currency notes and coins.

What happens when funds increase?

An increase in supply has a variety of impacts, including:

Positive: A higher money supply reduces interest rates, which encourages investment. It increases consumer access to additional funds, which encourages spending.

Negative – Opposite effects occur when cash availability or growth rate falls. 

Measures of Money supply

The Reserve Bank of India introduced money supply measures in India. It consists of four parts:

Reserve Money (M0): Also known as High-Powered Money, the monetary base, base money, and so on. 

M0 = Currency getting Circulated + Deposits with RBI + Other deposits with RBI.
It is the economy’s monetary base.

Narrow Money (M1):
M1 = Currency with public + DDs with the Banking system (current account, saving account) + Other deposits with RBI
M2 = M1 + Savings deposits of post office savings banks

Broad Money (M3)
M3 = M1 + Time deposits with the banking system
M4 = M3 + All deposits with post office savings banks

Importance of Money supply

The expansion of circulating wealth is critical not only for accelerating economic development but also for achieving price stability in the economy.

To achieve development and economic stability, the money supply must be increased.

As a result, an increase in it has a significant impact on the rate of economic growth. It may be able to boost economic growth if kept within acceptable bounds. However, an excessive increase can have the opposite effect.

Therefore, controlling the money supply is essential for long-term economic expansion.

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Mortgage Rates Could Dip as Low as 4% as Economy Improves and Inflation Slows, Bringing Buyers Back to the Market, Says NAR Report

By
Amit Patel
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As the economy continues to improve, mortgage rates are expected to decline, potentially falling as low as 4% in the second half of 2023. The decelerating inflation rate is the key reason for this forecast, with consumer prices falling to their lowest level in 2022 at 7.1%. This downward trend is expected to continue, potentially bringing buyers back to the market.

One contributing factor to the continuing decline in inflation is the increasing rent that people pay and the equivalent rent owners would have paid. These measures have seen significant annual gains of 7.9% and 7.1%, respectively, due to a housing shortage and historically low rental vacancy rates. However, lagging data shows that the housing shortage is not as severe as previously thought, with the rental vacancy rate increasing from 5.8% to 6% in the third quarter of 2022.

In addition, multifamily housing starts hit their highest level in nearly 40 years, with apartment vacancy rates expected to rise further and rent growth slowing down. Overall, this will contribute to a further decline in consumer prices.

The National Association of Realtors (NAR) has advocated for converting vacant commercial space into residential units through funding and tax credit incentives. Furthermore, financial incentives to rehab dilapidated, abandoned homes in major cities will help increase housing supply and neighborhood safety.

While the job market remains strong, the first-time buyer share of home sales has remained low at only 28% in November. However, this figure is up from 26% in November 2021. According to NAR’s 2022 Profile of Home Buyers and Sellers, the annual share of first-time buyers was the lowest since NAR began tracking the data.

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India’s Residential Rental Market on the Rise as Bengaluru Leads with Double-Digit Growth, According to Anarock Report

By
Amit Patel
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According to a recent report by Anarock Research, India’s residential housing market is experiencing a surge, with housing prices soaring, unsold inventory shrinking, and rental rates on the rise in major cities. The report shows that the average rent costs have increased in double digits across most major cities since last year, with Bengaluru leading the pack.

The demand for rental property has been increasing since offices and schools reopened after the third Covid-19 wave, leading to residential rental values appreciating by nearly 25%. Anarock’s analysis included prime areas of the top seven cities, namely Delhi-NCR, Hyderabad, Chennai, Kolkata, Mumbai, Bengaluru, and Pune, for a 2BHK home of 1,000 sq. ft. area.

In Bengaluru, four prime areas, including Thanisandra Main Road and Marathahalli outer ring road, saw the highest year-on-year growth of 24% each in the January-March quarter. The report further reveals that other major cities, such as Mumbai, Thane, and NCR, also witnessed rental value growth of 10-17%.

The report also suggests that the housing market’s buoyancy is likely to continue, with new property launches, sales numbers, and lower inventory indicating a positive trend. However, analysts caution that impending global recession, continued inflation, and repo rate hikes could have a short-term impact on the housing sales market.

The report also highlights that the increased appetite for owning a dream house is being driven by millennials, with 61% of survey participants preferring to invest in real estate, out of which 52% were millennials.

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